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Sr. Executive Partner - Global CIO AdvisoryA Gartner Executive Partner (EP) is an indispensable advisor for every Information Technology and digital leader. Executive Technology Services (ETS), is a membership-based organization serving over 7,000 CIOs / CxOs and senior IT leaders across 87 countries. Our program has seen double digital growth YoY with 54% of members signing multi-year contracts. These members (including Fortune 100 organizations benefit from the convenience of a single source of knowledge and insight focused on CIO-level challenges, service delivery in their context, the shared knowledge of the world's largest community of CIOs and Technology Leaders, and the assurance of Gartner objectivity and independence. Gartner's Executive Partners act as coaches, content-providers and business advisors to Executive Programs members, and partner with colleagues across the organization to deliver service solutions utilizing Gartner products and services.What you'll do: Manage a portfolio of 25+ member consisting of digital/technology leaders from some of the World's largest commercial and high-tech organizations with revenue size in excess of 15B+ Get a deep understanding of the members' priorities and challenges. Help members find solutions and execute on their strategy by leveraging your own experience, Gartner's capabilities, and the trends across our client base. Challenge the member with new ideas and innovative approaches and provide an outside "fresh eyes" perspective on their decisions and direction. Define and deliver innovative solutions by assessing the member's top Priorities and developing a customized service plan. Conduct briefings, strategy sessions and workshops both virtual and onsite, as well as research analyst visits, roundtables, and webinars. Build a strong partnership with Gartner's Sales organization and collaborate with them to ensure strong member engagement and renewal of ExP business. Present or facilitate at local ExP eventsWho You Are: Someone who has been a Global CIO, CIO or senior technology executive is required. Our most successful Executive Partners have the ability to adopt best practices, follow established processes, and embrace feedback with a mindset of continuous improvement. Gartner Executive Partners have natural curiosity and share their knowledge and expertise with Executive Programs members. They understand the members' critical priorities and build trust by delivering value and leveraging key internal partnerships to drive results. Consulting and/or CxO/CIO roles with 20+ years of progressive technology exposure (AI, BI, ML, Digital Transformation, Big Data, Cloud, etc.) The ideal candidate(s) should be able to demonstrate exposure to large E2E transformative initiatives having led/co-led large critical programs Extensive knowledge of a digital/technology leaders focus areas and an in-depth understanding of the IT industry (including leadership, IT operations management, IT and Business strategy, technology trends, performance metrics, KPI's etc.) and priorities such as the challenges of "today's" digital/technology leaders and how Gartner ExP can make the difference as an advisory organization. Experience with key business concepts such as revenue enablement & generation, market improvement, risk reduction, and launching a P&L and adding to the top line / substantial P&L responsibility. Project to Product experience where new revenue streams were created. Experience with Agile / DevOps / Emerging Technologies Advanced critical thinking and structured problem-solving skills High tolerance and an advanced ability to lead and manage ambiguous situations Excellent relationship building and collaboration skills Superior verbal, written, facilitation and presentation skills (Executive Presence) Demonstrable sales and/or business development experience with CXO level executives Expert skills at managing multiple priorities Committed to making others successful Naturally Collaborative Active listening skills Ability to challenge the status quo and to be provocative in a professional and engaging manner.Benefits:We offer a highly competitive rewards and benefits package including but not limited to the following; Private healthcare, 401K Match, generous paid time off, life insurance, tuition reimbursement and nuch more.All Gartner associates strive to be high performers, problem solvers, and team players with passion, integrity and effectiveness. We strive to attract exceptional people who really enjoy what they do. Are you ready to jump on board?Equality statement:The policy of Gartner is to provide equal employment opportunities to all applicants and employees without regard to race, color, caste, creed, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, citizenship status, age, national origin, ancestry, disability, or any other characteristic protected by applicable law. Gartner affirmatively seeks to advance the principles of equal employment opportunity and values diversity and inclusion.Gartner is an Equal Opportunity Employer and offers opportunities to all job seekers, including job seekers with disabilities. If you are a qualified applicant with a disability and unable to or limited in your ability to use or access the Gartner's career webpage as a result of your disability, you may request reasonable accommodations by calling Human Resources at - or by sending an email to - RemoteWho are we? At Gartner, Inc. (NYSE:IT), we guide the leaders who shape the world.Our mission relies on expert analysis and bold ideas to deliver actionable, objective business and technology insights, helping enterprise leaders and their teams succeed with their mission-critical priorities.Since our founding in 1979, we've grown to 21,000 associates globally who support -14,000 client enterprises in -90 countries and territories. We do important, interesting and substantive work that matters. That's why we hire associates with the intellectual curiosity, energy and drive to want to make a difference. The bar is unapologetically high. So is the impact you can have here.What makes Gartner a great place to work? Our vast, virtually untapped market potential offers limitless opportunities - opportunities that may not even exist right now - for you to grow professionally and flourish personally. How far you go is driven by your passion and performance.We hire remarkable people who collaborate and win as a team. Together, our singular, unifying goal is to deliver results for our clients.Our teams are inclusive and composed of individuals from different geographies, cultures, religions, ethnicities, races, genders, sexual orientations, abilities and generations.We invest in great leaders who bring out the best in you and the company, enabling us to multiply our impact and results. This is why, year after year, we are recognized worldwide as a great place to work.What do we offer? Gartner offers world-class benefits, highly competitive compensation and disproportionate rewards for top performers.In our hybrid work environment, we provide the flexibility and support for you to thrive - working virtually when it's productive to do so and getting together with colleagues in a vibrant community that is purposeful, engaging and inspiring.Ready to grow your career with Gartner? Join us.Gartner believes in fair and equitable pay. A reasonable estimate of the base salary range for this role is 188,000 USD - 225,000 USD. Please note that actual salaries may vary within the range, or be above or below the range, based on factors including, but not limited to, education, training, experience, professional achievement, business need, and location. In addition to base salary, employees will participate in either an annual bonus plan based on company and individual performance, or a role-based, uncapped sales incentive plan. Our talent acquisition team will provide the specific opportunity on our bonus or incentive programs to eligible candidates. We also offer market leading benefit programs including generous PTO, a 401k match up to $7,200 per year, the opportunity to purchase company stock at a discount, and more.The policy of Gartner is to provide equal employment opportunities to all applicants and employees without regard to race, color, creed, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital status, citizenship status, age, national origin, ancestry, disability, veteran status, or any other legally protected status and to seek to advance the principles of equal employment opportunity.Gartner is committed to being an Equal Opportunity Employer and offers opportunities to all job seekers, including job seekers with disabilities. If you are a qualified individual with a disability or a disabled veteran, you may request a reasonable accommodation if you are unable or limited in your ability to use or access the Company's career webpage as a result of your disability. You may request reasonable accommodations by calling Human Resources at +1 or by sending an email Requisition ID:107149By submitting your information and application, you confirm that you have read and agree to the country or regional recruitment notice linked below applicable to your place of residence.Gartner Applicant Privacy Link: For efficient navigation through the application, please only use the back button within the application, not the back arrow within your browser.

RELOCATION ASSISTANCE: Relocation assistance may be available CLEARANCE TYPE: Secret TRAVEL: Yes, 10% of the Time Description At Northrop Grumman, our employees have incredible opportunities to work on revolutionary systems that impact people's lives around the world today, and for generations to come. Our pioneering and inventive spirit has enabled us to be at the forefront of many technological advancements in our nation's history - from the first flight across the Atlantic Ocean, to stealth bombers, to landing on the moon. We look for people who have bold new ideas, courage and a pioneering spirit to join forces to invent the future, and have fun along the way. Our culture thrives on intellectual curiosity, cognitive diversity and bringing your whole self to work - and we have an insatiable drive to do what others think is impossible. Our employees are not only part of history, they're making history. At the heart of Defining Possible is our commitment to missions. In rapidly changing global security environments, Northrop Grumman brings informed insights and software-secure technology to enable strategic planning. We're looking for innovators who can help us keep building on our wide portfolio of secure, affordable, integrated, and multi-domain systems and technologies that fuel those missions. By joining in our shared mission, we'll support yours of expanding your personal network and developing skills, whether you are new to the field, or an industry thought leader. At Northrop Grumman, you'll have the resources, support, and team to do some of the best work of your career. Northrop Grumman Mission Systems has an opening for a Staff Systems Engineer, with a focus in Target Tracking , Sensor Fusion, and Algorithm Development to join our Airborne Multifunction Systems (AMS) Systems Engineering, Integration and Test (SEIT) team at our Baltimore/Linthicum, MD campus. This position requires up to 100% on-site work due security constraints and an ability to pass an enhanced security review. What You'll get to Do: This position is primarily engaged in the development and fielding of target tracking and sensor fusion systems for advanced multi-function RF subsystems. Key features of operation include analyzing, shaping, and relating data from a wide variety of modes, such as: long-range search and track Radar waveforms and electronic surveillance measure returns. Early in the system lifecycle, systems engineers develop parametric representations, visualizations and data driven analysis to support sensor requirements definition and use case validation. Progressing past analysis and design, Northrop Grumman Systems Engineers also support the integration of sensor modes and trackers from digital simulation environments to sensor labs to our on-site fleet of specially modified test aircraft. Throughout this process, our AMS Systems Engineers engage with our customers to balance their functional and performance requirements with other sensor functionality to enable true multi-function operation. Operates in a formal project leadership capacity, working toward long-range goals and contributing to the development of new concepts Implement strategic technical design and the definition of future system architectures, such as spearheading the transition to a new multi-sensor fusion framework Expert-level knowledge of advanced state estimation theory Lead the negotiation and creation of new ICDs with external stakeholders Provide impact to major organizational objectives This position is contingent upon the successful transfer of an active DoD Secret Clearance and the ability to obtain Special Program Access prior to start. Basic Qualifications: Bachelor's degree with 12 years of experience, master's degree with 10 years of experience or Ph.D. with 8 years of experience in Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, or related technical fields; an additional 4 years of experience may be considered in lieu of a degree. U.S Citizenship is required. A current / active DoD Secret Clearance. Ability to obtain Special Program Access (SAP) prior to start Experience with higher proficiency understanding and developing multi-target trackers, adaptive processing, or sensor fusion algorithms. Experience with MATLAB or equivalent programming/analysis languages Experience with RF signals processing or RF applications Experience with working knowledge of systems engineering principles and processes Preferred Qualifications: Active DoD Top Secret Clearance Master's Degree or PhD in a STEM discipline including electives in radar techniques and signal processing. Has been previously approved for special access programs. Northrop Grumman provides a comprehensive benefits package and a work environment which encourages your growth and supports the mutual success of our people and our company. Northrop Grumman benefits give you the flexibility and control to choose the benefits that make the most sense for you and your family. Your benefits will include the following: Health Plan, Savings Plan, Paid Time Off and Additional Benefits including Education Assistance, Training and Development, 9/80 Work Schedule (where available), and much more! Northrop Grumman has approximately 90,000 employees in all 50 states and in more than 27 countries. We strive to attract and retain the best employees by providing an inclusive work environment wherein employees are receptive to diverse ideas, perspectives, and talents to help solve our toughest customer challenges: to develop and maintain some of the most technically sophisticated products, programs, and services in the world. Our Values. The women and men of Northrop Grumman Corporation are guided by Our Values. They describe our company as we want it to be. We want our decisions and actions to demonstrate these Values. We believe that putting Our Values into practice creates long-term benefits for shareholders, customers, employees, suppliers, and the communities we serve. Our Responsibility. At Northrop Grumman, we are committed to maintaining the highest of ethical standards, embracing diversity and inclusion, protecting the environment, and striving to be an ideal corporate citizen in the community and in the world. Primary Level Salary Range: $169,000.00 - $253,600.00 The above salary range represents a general guideline; however, Northrop Grumman considers a number of factors when determining base salary offers such as the scope and responsibilities of the position and the candidate's experience, education, skills and current market conditions. Depending on the position, employees may be eligible for overtime, shift differential, and a discretionary bonus in addition to base pay. Annual bonuses are designed to reward individual contributions as well as allow employees to share in company results. Employees in Vice President or Director positions may be eligible for Long Term Incentives. In addition, Northrop Grumman provides a variety of benefits including health insurance coverage, life and disability insurance, savings plan, Company paid holidays and paid time off (PTO) for vacation and/or personal business. The application period for the job is estimated to be 20 days from the job posting date. However, this timeline may be shortened or extended depending on business needs and the availability of qualified candidates. Northrop Grumman is an Equal Opportunity Employer, making decisions without regard to race, color, religion, creed, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital status, national origin, age, veteran status, disability, or any other protected class. For our complete EEO and pay transparency statement, please visit U.S. Citizenship is required for all positions with a government clearance and certain other restricted positions.

RELOCATION ASSISTANCE: Relocation assistance may be available CLEARANCE TYPE: Secret TRAVEL: Yes, 10% of the Time Description At Northrop Grumman, our employees have incredible opportunities to work on revolutionary systems that impact people's lives around the world today, and for generations to come. Our pioneering and inventive spirit has enabled us to be at the forefront of many technological advancements in our nation's history - from the first flight across the Atlantic Ocean, to stealth bombers, to landing on the moon. We look for people who have bold new ideas, courage and a pioneering spirit to join forces to invent the future, and have fun along the way. Our culture thrives on intellectual curiosity, cognitive diversity and bringing your whole self to work - and we have an insatiable drive to do what others think is impossible. Our employees are not only part of history, they're making history. At the heart of Defining Possible is our commitment to missions. In rapidly changing global security environments, Northrop Grumman brings informed insights and software-secure technology to enable strategic planning. We're looking for innovators who can help us keep building on our wide portfolio of secure, affordable, integrated, and multi-domain systems and technologies that fuel those missions. By joining in our shared mission, we'll support yours of expanding your personal network and developing skills, whether you are new to the field, or an industry thought leader. At Northrop Grumman, you'll have the resources, support, and team to do some of the best work of your career. Northrop Grumman Mission Systems has an opening for a Staff Systems Engineer, with a focus in Target Tracking , Sensor Fusion, and Algorithm Development to join our Airborne Multifunction Systems (AMS) Systems Engineering, Integration and Test (SEIT) team at our Baltimore/Linthicum, MD campus. This position requires up to 100% on-site work due security constraints and an ability to pass an enhanced security review. What You'll get to Do: This position is primarily engaged in the development and fielding of target tracking and sensor fusion systems for advanced multi-function RF subsystems. Key features of operation include analyzing, shaping, and relating data from a wide variety of modes, such as: long-range search and track Radar waveforms and electronic surveillance measure returns. Early in the system lifecycle, systems engineers develop parametric representations, visualizations and data driven analysis to support sensor requirements definition and use case validation. Progressing past analysis and design, Northrop Grumman Systems Engineers also support the integration of sensor modes and trackers from digital simulation environments to sensor labs to our on-site fleet of specially modified test aircraft. Throughout this process, our AMS Systems Engineers engage with our customers to balance their functional and performance requirements with other sensor functionality to enable true multi-function operation. Operates in a formal project leadership capacity, working toward long-range goals and contributing to the development of new concepts Implement strategic technical design and the definition of future system architectures, such as spearheading the transition to a new multi-sensor fusion framework Expert-level knowledge of advanced state estimation theory Lead the negotiation and creation of new ICDs with external stakeholders Provide impact to major organizational objectives This position is contingent upon the successful transfer of an active DoD Secret Clearance and the ability to obtain Special Program Access prior to start. Basic Qualifications: Bachelor's degree with 12 years of experience, master's degree with 10 years of experience or Ph.D. with 8 years of experience in Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, or related technical fields; an additional 4 years of experience may be considered in lieu of a degree. U.S Citizenship is required. A current / active DoD Secret Clearance. Ability to obtain Special Program Access (SAP) prior to start Experience with higher proficiency understanding and developing multi-target trackers, adaptive processing, or sensor fusion algorithms. Experience with MATLAB or equivalent programming/analysis languages Experience with RF signals processing or RF applications Experience with working knowledge of systems engineering principles and processes Preferred Qualifications: Active DoD Top Secret Clearance Master's Degree or PhD in a STEM discipline including electives in radar techniques and signal processing. Has been previously approved for special access programs. Northrop Grumman provides a comprehensive benefits package and a work environment which encourages your growth and supports the mutual success of our people and our company. Northrop Grumman benefits give you the flexibility and control to choose the benefits that make the most sense for you and your family. Your benefits will include the following: Health Plan, Savings Plan, Paid Time Off and Additional Benefits including Education Assistance, Training and Development, 9/80 Work Schedule (where available), and much more! Northrop Grumman has approximately 90,000 employees in all 50 states and in more than 27 countries. We strive to attract and retain the best employees by providing an inclusive work environment wherein employees are receptive to diverse ideas, perspectives, and talents to help solve our toughest customer challenges: to develop and maintain some of the most technically sophisticated products, programs, and services in the world. Our Values. The women and men of Northrop Grumman Corporation are guided by Our Values. They describe our company as we want it to be. We want our decisions and actions to demonstrate these Values. We believe that putting Our Values into practice creates long-term benefits for shareholders, customers, employees, suppliers, and the communities we serve. Our Responsibility. At Northrop Grumman, we are committed to maintaining the highest of ethical standards, embracing diversity and inclusion, protecting the environment, and striving to be an ideal corporate citizen in the community and in the world. Primary Level Salary Range: $169,000.00 - $253,600.00 The above salary range represents a general guideline; however, Northrop Grumman considers a number of factors when determining base salary offers such as the scope and responsibilities of the position and the candidate's experience, education, skills and current market conditions. Depending on the position, employees may be eligible for overtime, shift differential, and a discretionary bonus in addition to base pay. Annual bonuses are designed to reward individual contributions as well as allow employees to share in company results. Employees in Vice President or Director positions may be eligible for Long Term Incentives. In addition, Northrop Grumman provides a variety of benefits including health insurance coverage, life and disability insurance, savings plan, Company paid holidays and paid time off (PTO) for vacation and/or personal business. The application period for the job is estimated to be 20 days from the job posting date. However, this timeline may be shortened or extended depending on business needs and the availability of qualified candidates. Northrop Grumman is an Equal Opportunity Employer, making decisions without regard to race, color, religion, creed, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital status, national origin, age, veteran status, disability, or any other protected class. For our complete EEO and pay transparency statement, please visit U.S. Citizenship is required for all positions with a government clearance and certain other restricted positions.

Job Description Job Title: Technical Lead Design - T56/Helo Working Pattern: Fulltime Working location: Indianapolis, IN As the Technical Lead of Design for T56/501K and Helicopters Programs, you will support the Program Chief Design Engineers and be responsible for leading and managing a team of design engineers to deliver design definitions or solutions to scope, cost, schedule and technical quality for both programs. You will work with the two T56/Helo Tech Leads of System Engineering and Validation & Verification and Lifecycle and Safety, as well as the ET&S Capability Leads to train or secure the resources with appropriate technical knowledge and expertise necessary to deliver design engineering solutions to a wide range of problems facing the T56 and Helicopter Programs ranging from production, supply chain, and in-service or safety issues as well as product improvements. Why Rolls-Royce? Rolls-Royce is one of the most enduring and iconic brands in the world and has been at the forefront of innovation for over a century. We design, build and service systems that provide critical power to customers where safety and reliability are paramount. We are proud to be a force for progress, powering, protecting and connecting people everywhere. We want to ensure that the excellence and ingenuity that has shaped our history continues into our future and we need people like you to come and join us on this journey. Rolls-Royce has been recognized as the top employer in the Engineering & Manufacturing category on the prestigious Forbes Top Employers for Engineers list for 2025. This ranking highlights our commitment to innovation, employee development, and fostering a collaborative environment where engineers can thrive. Be part of a team that sets the industry standard and drives groundbreaking solutions. At Rolls-Royce, we are committed to creating a workplace where all employees feel respected, supported, and empowered to do their best work. We foster a welcoming and innovative work environment that invests in you, giving you access to an incredible breadth and depth of opportunities where you can grow your career and make a difference. Rolls-Royce is an Equal Opportunity Employer. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to any protected characteristics. What you will be doing: A successful Technical Lead will be a professional, experienced, safety-focused engineering manager with a proven track-record of technical delivery and a history of effective, engaging people management in high-performing teams. The role requires that you are open-minded and enthusiastic about change, will positively embrace challenge and are able to effectively collaborate across business boundaries; you will consistently demonstrate resilience in a challenging environment and will successfully lead by example. Key Responsibilities Lead and manage an engineering team comprised of component and sub-system design engineers to effectively and efficiently: Execute product design definition processes, including design for safety, for manufacturability/producibility, for service/maintainability, for cost, and other product requirements Perform design analyses to support risk assessments, root cause analysis, engine investigation, containment activities, corrective actions, lessons learned, and deliver high quality engineering reports and effective customer communications Evaluate non-conformances of new OE product or in-service engines and hardware to support new production or the fleet Ensure technical scope of work delivers design/functional solutions that are innovative, fit for purpose, and timely to program requirements, and the required engineering tasks are fully embodied within the WED team Provide robust technical guidance to the product design team, within RR and at outsourcing suppliers, operations, supply chain, customer support, and external customers Ensure that physical and functional integration of the engine with the airframe and test beds meets all program/product technical requirements. Understand the behavior and functions of the product in service and ensure this knowledge and learning is fed back into the design of the T56/Helo engines and other RR products Champion and ensure appropriate documentation of technical work, knowledge capture & management, robust technical risk management, lean/robust design methods, digital engineering, and other continuous improvements Manage workload, prioritization, and resource allocation for the combined T56/Helo Design Engineering Team Ensure design engineering load and capacity are consistent with combined programs budgets Provide technical leadership, guidance, coaching and mentoring to assigned engineers to enable them to be their best Work with the core function Capability Leads to identify training, skills gaps or competency needs with the team and provide skill development opportunities Champion engineering performance metrics, including commitment to continuous improvement Represent the T56/Helo Chief Design Engineers (as required) internally and with customers Who we're looking for: At Rolls-Royce we put safety first, do the right thing, keep it simple and make a difference. These principles form the behaviours that guide us and are an essential component of our assessment process. They are the fundamental qualities that we seek for all roles. Basic Qualifications: Associate's degree in Engineering or relevant field and 7+ years of experience or Bachelor's degree in Engineering or relevant field and 5+ years of experience or Master's degree in Engineering or relevant field and 3+ years of experience JD/PhD Must be a U.S. Citizen or U.S. Permanent Resident to be eligible for consideration Preferred Qualifications: At least 10+ years of related experience Depth and breadth of technical design, analysis, or test experience and knowledge in mechanical systems and/or functional (including controls) systems Knowledge of key processes required to deliver product attributes Experience applying Systems Engineering approach or equivalent (Robust Design, Black belt, PELA etc.) Experience and demonstrated capability in root cause investigation, including evidence-based methods Experience in designing for safety or safety investigations (Red Tops/SARs) involving Rolls-Royce products. Experience and knowledge of T56/501K product line and/or Helicopters product line, regulatory framework and customers Breadth of gas turbine engineering experience across engineering functions: design, performance, validation/verification, customer application, certification/qualification, maintenance & overhaul, repair, field service, etc. Project Management experience in planning, controlling budgets and delivering technical solutions to schedules Experience in resource workload, prioritization, allocation management and associated tools Experience in managing/leading/coaching people and teams to successful outcomes and customer satisfaction Demonstrated ability to influence others through effective and positive engagement on technical and business issues. Proven ability to apply logical, analytical, and innovative thinking on a range of technical problems and to make balanced decisions in complex situations and with incomplete information Understanding of Product Change control including, but not limited to, Product Change Board (PCB), Integration Approval (IA)/Design Technical Approval (DTA), and Product Introduction Lifecycle Management (PILM) Experience leading engineering teams What we offer: We offer excellent development opportunities, a competitive salary, and exceptional benefits. These include bonus, employee support assistance and employee discounts. Your needs are as unique as you are. Hybrid working is a way in which our people can balance their time between the office, home, or another remote location. It's a locally managed and flexed informal discretionary arrangement. Job Category Mechanical Systems Job Posting Date 03 Apr 2026; 00:04 Pay Range $119,520 - $194,220-Annually Location: Indianapolis, IN Benefits Rolls-Royce provides a comprehensive and competitive Total Rewards package that includes base pay and a discretionary bonus plan. Eligible employees may have the opportunity to enroll in other benefits, including health, dental, vision, disability, life and accidental death & dismemberment insurance; a flexible spending account; a health savings account; a 401(k) retirement savings plan with a company match; Employee Assistance Program; Paid Time Off; certain paid holidays; paid parental and family care leave; tuition reimbursement; and a long-term incentive plan. The options available to an employee may vary depending on eligibility factors such as date of hire, employment type, and the applicability of collective bargaining agreements.